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With its comprehensive passive/listener-based utilities for initial access and lateral movement, UNC1860 may have supported Iranian hacking attacks with the BABYWIPER malware against Israel last October and intrusions with the ROADSWEEP malware against Albania in 2022.

The criminal hackers are behind at least 30 cybercrime scams, including malware, phishing and cryptocurrency fraud.

More than 260,000 devices have been part of the Mirai-based botnet, which has been controlled by the Integrity Technology Group using IP addresses of the China Unicom Beijing Province Network, most of which were from the U.S.